Mixed Convection Heat Transfer of Water-Alumina Nanofluid in an Inclined and Baffled C-Shaped Enclosure

Document Type : Full Length Research Article

Authors

1 Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran

3 cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.

Abstract

In this paper, mixed convection heat transfer of alumina-water nanofluid in an inclined and baffled c-shape enclosure is studied. It is assumed that the flow is laminar and steady. There is no energy production, energy storage and viscous heat dissipation. Also, the nanofluid is considered as a continuous, Newtonian and incompressible fluid. Governing equations are discretised by finite-difference method and solved by SIMPLE algorithm simultaneously. Reynolds number (10 < Re < 1000), rotation angle of enclosure ( < α < ), length of baffle (0.1 < Bf < 0.4), Richardson number (0.1 < Ri < 100) are changed. In addition, volume percent of nanoparticles are changed in the range of 0 < φ < 0.06. The results show that the Nusselt number increases with increase of Reynolds number. Adding nanoparticles always results in cooling enclosure. At high Reynolds number, increase of nanoparticles has less effect on the heat transfer rate. Furthermore, heat transfer increases with the Richardson number, the enclosure angle and the length of baffle.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]     Q. H. Deng, J. Zhou, C. Mei, and Y. M. Shen, heat and contaminant transport structures of laminar double-diffusive mixed convection in a two-dimensional ventilated enclosure, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 47, 5257-5269 (2004).
[2]      B. Ghasemi, Mixed convection in a rectangular cavity with a pulsating heated electronic component, Numerical Heat Transfer, 47, 505-521 (2005).
[3]     B. Ghasemi and S. M. Aminossadati, Numerical simulation of mixed convection in a rectangular enclosure with different numbers and arrangements of discrete heat sources, The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 33, 189-207 (2008).
[4]     E. Bilgen and A. Muftuoglu, cooling strategy by mixed convection of a discrete heater at its optimum position in a square cavity with ventilation ports, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 35, 545-550 (2008).
[5]     E. Sourtiji, S. F. Hosseinizadeh, M. Gorji-Bandpy and D. D. Ganji, Heat transfer enhancement of mixed convection in a square cavity with inlet and outlet ports due to oscillation of incoming flow, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 38, 806-814 (2011).
[6]    N. A. C. Sidik, L. Jahanshaloo and A. Safdari, The effect of mixed convection on particle laden flow analysis in a cavity using a Lattice Boltzmann method, Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 67, 52-61 (2014).
[7]    M. Najam, A. Amahmid, M. Hasanaoui, and M. E. Alami, Unsteady mixed convection in a horizontal channel with rectangular blocks periodically distributed on its lower wall, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 24, 726-735 (2003).
[8] S. M. Aminossadati and B. Ghasemi, A numerical study of mixed convection in a horizontal channel with a discrete heat source in an open cavity, European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids, 28: 590-598 (2009).
[9] F. P. Incropera, Convection heat transfer in electronic equipment, Journal of Heat Transfer, 110: 1097–1111 (1988).
[10] G. P. Peterson, and A. Ortega, (1990) Thermal control of electronic equipment and devices, Advances in Heat Transfer, 20: 181–314.
[11] M. Najam, M. El Alami, and A. Oubarra, (2004) Heat transfer in a ‘‘T’’ form cavity with heated rectangular blocks submitted to a vertical jet: the block gap effect on multiple solutions, Energy Conversion and Management, 45: 113-125.
[12] M. Bakkas, A. Amahmid, and M. Hasanaoui, Numerical study of natural convection heat transfer in a horizontal channel provided with rectangular blocks releasing uniform heat flux and mounted on its lower wall, Energy Conversion and Management, 49, 2757-2766 (2008).
[13]   S. Amraqui, A. Mezrhab, and C. Abid, Computation of coupled surface radiation and natural convection in an inclined «T» form cavity, Energy Conversion and Management, 52, 1166-1174 (2011).
[14]   H. Rouijaa, M. El Alami, E. Semma, and M. Najam, Natural convection in an inclined T-shaped cavity, Tech Science Press, 7, 57-70 (2011).
[15]   M. El Alami, M. Najam, E. Semma, A. Oubarra, and F. Penot, Chimney effect in a ‘‘T’’ form cavity with heated isothermal blocks: The blocks height effect, Energy Conversion and Management, 45, 3181-3191 (2004).
[16]   A. Mezrhab, S. Amraqui, and C. Abid, Modeling of combined surface radiation and natural convection in a vented ‘‘T” form cavity, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 31, 83-92 (2010).
[17]   M. Bakkas, A. Amahamid, and M. Hasanaoui, Steady natural convection in a horizontal channel containing heated rectangular blocks periodically mounted on its lower wall, Energy Conversion and Management, 47, 509-528 (2006).
[18]  S. Kakaç, and A. Pramuanjaroenkij, Review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52, 3187–3196 (2009).
[19]   A. Chamkha, M. Ismael, A. Kasaeipoor, and T. Armaghani, Entropy Generation and Natural Convection of CuO-Water Nanofluid in C-Shaped Cavity under Magnetic Field, Entropy, 1, 50-58 (2006).
[20]   M. Ziaei-Rad and A. Kasaeipoor, A Numerical study of similarity solution for mixed-convection copper-water nanofluid boundary layer flow over a horizontal plate, Modares Mechanical Engineering, 21, 14-21 (2005).
[21]   A. Kasaeipoor, B. Ghasemi, and A. RaisiMagnetic field on nanofluid water-Cu natural convection in an inclined T-shape cavity, Modares Mechanical Engineering Journal, 32, 43-49, (2014).
[22]   I. Pishkar and B. Ghasemi, Cooling enhancement of two fins in a horizontal channel by nanofluid mixed convection, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 59, 141-151 (2012).
[23]   A. H. Mahmoudi, M. Shahi, and F. Talebi, Effect of inlet and outlet location on the mixed convective cooling inside the ventilated cavity subjected to an external nanofluid, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 39, 1158-1137 (2010).
[24]    M. Shahi, A. H. Mahmoudi, and F. Talebi, Numerical study of mixed convective cooling in a square cavity ventilated and partially heated from the below utilizing nanofluid, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 37, 201-213 (2010).
[25] E. Sourtiji, M. Gorji-Bandpy, D. D. Ganji, and S. F. Hosseinizadeh, (2014) Numerical analysis of mixed convection heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid in a ventilated cavity considering different positions of the outlet port, Power Technology,  262: 71-81.
[26] A. Kasaeipoor, B. Ghasemi and S. M. Aminossadati, Convection of Cu-water nanofluid in a vented T-shaped cavity in the presence of magnetic field, International Journal of Thermal Sciences,  94, 50-60 (2015).
[27]   N. Makulati, A. Kasaeipoor and M. M. Rashidi, Numerical study of natural convection of a water–alumina nanofluid in inclined C-shaped enclosures under the effect of magnetic field, Advanced Powder Technology, 2, 661-672 (2016).
[28]   M. Siavashi, R. Yousofvand, and S. Rezanejad, Nanofluid and porous fins effect on natural convection and entropy generation of flow inside a cavity, Advanced Powder Technology, 29, 142-156 (2018).
[29]   M. Siavashi, and A. Rostami, Two-phase simulation of non-Newtonian nanofluid natural convection in a circular annulus partially or completely filled with porous media, International Journal of Mechanical Science, 133, 689-703 (2017).
[30]   M. Mamourian, K. Milani Shirvan, R. Ellahi, and A. B. Rahimi, Optimization of mixed convection heat transfer with entropy generation in a wavy surface square lid-driven cavity by means of Taguchi approach, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 102, 544-554 (2016).
[31]    K. M. Shirvan, R. Ellahi, M. Mamourian, and M. Moghiman, Effects of wavy surface characteristics on natural convection heat transfer in a cosine corrugated square cavity filled with nanofluid, , International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 107, 1110-1118 (2017).
[32]   B. Ghasemi, S. M. Aminossadati and A. Rasisi, Magnetic field effect on natural convection in a nanofluid-filled square enclosure, International Journal of Thermal Science, 50, 1748-1756 (2011).
[33]   J. C. Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, second ed., Oxford University Press, Cambridge (1904).
[34]    H. Brinkman, The viscosity of concentrated suspensions and solutions, Journal of Chemical Physics, 20, 571-580 (1952).
[35]   M. Mahmoodi and S. M. Hashemi, Numerical study of natural convection of a nanofluid in C-shaped enclosures, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 5, 76-89 (2012).
[36]   H. E. Patel, T. Sundararajan, T. Pradeep, A. Dasgupta, N. Dasgupta and S. K. Das, A micro-convection model for thermal conductivity of nanofluids, J. Phys, 65, 863-869 (2005).
[37]   A. K. Santra, S. Sen and N. Chakraborty, Study of heat transfer due to laminar flow of copper-water nanofluid through two isothermally heated parallel plates, International Journal of Thermal Science, 48, 391-400 (2009).
[38] M. Sheikholeslami, M. Gorji-Bandpy, D. D. Ganji and S. Soleimani, Natural convection heat transfer in a cavity with sinusoidal wall filled with CuO–water nanofluid in presence of magnetic field, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 63, 10-20 (2013).
[39]   S. V. Patankar, Numerical heat transfer and fluid Flow, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington D. C., (1980).

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 17 December 2017
  • Revise Date: 19 May 2018
  • Accept Date: 25 May 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics